Introduction and Role of Clinical pharmacognosy
Clinical pharmacognosy important
Clinical pharmacognosy
Pharmacy is the most important branch of the healthcare field which provides us with true knowledge about the uses of medication.
Pharmacognosy and clinical pharmacy are two essential subjects of pharmacy. By a combination of these two, we have introduced a new subject That contains features of both subjects known as clinical pharmacognosy.
First, we will briefly look at these two subjects separately.
Pharmacognosy's exact definition has the study of naturally obtained meditation such as plants, animals in other organisms. If we look at the history of the first human, we have seen that plants are used for the treatment of different diseases since before.
For example, the root of the glycyrrhiza spp (containing licorice as an active constituent ) has been used for gastric ulcers in the early era of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman, but later on, it has been withdrawing due to its common side effect.
Pharmacognosy has not only the study of the natural drug but is also involved in the production, Finding out, Representation, and standardization of the natural drug. pharmacognosy has also been linked with other subjects such as botany, chemistry, and pharmacology, but unfortunately, it has not a Sach link with the research field yet.
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Clinical pharmacy gives us knowledge about the proper use of medication, Therapeutic action, and side effects. It play important role in patient counseling about the optimum use of medication and the Safety of the patient.
This is the responsibility of the clinical pharmacist to have clear knowledge about drug-drug interaction, side effects, and food interaction for proper understanding of the patient during the counseling.
So, by using clinical pharmacy knowledge we can select better treatments.
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Introduction of clinical pharmacognosy.
The current area of the health system becoming more advanced with the development of new technology For improving the healthcare system. But still, more than 80% of people are using medicine obtained from natural sources, for example, herbs, animals, Marine minerals,, etc.
Herbal medicine is most commonly used in developing countries. People of their belief that natural medicine has fewer side effects and is safer than synthetic medicine.
Herbal and natural medicine can be extracted and prepared as synthetic medicine by applying some standard operating procedure. For example. Licorice has an active constitution of the root of the glycyrrhiza spp.
And the early era of ancient China, Japan Egyptian, and Greek Have been used for the treatment of peptic ulcers. But soon it was stopped using due to Adverse effects. In the UK, some standard procedures and using knowledge of the clinical pharmacy. They prepare glycyrrnetinic acid ( GA) and Simi succinate NA. From the licorice. That Is the safety used for peptic ulcers.
Similarly, in Japan, it has been sold under the name of. Stronger Neo- Minophagen C. As an anti-allergic anti-hepatitis.
So we see that by the combination of both pharmacognosy and clinical pharmacy we obtained safe medicine.
The knowledge of pharmacognosy is essential for every healthcare professional and clinical and pharmaceutical researcher for the best use of herbal medicine.
Clinical pharmacognosy made a cross-link between clinical pharmacy and pharmacognosy based on drug use obtained from a natural source.
It is the responsibility of all healthcare professionals and physicians to prescribe safe and effective traditional medicine. It only is done when they have knowledge of clinical pharmacognosy.
Role of clinical pharmacognosy
I ) With the help of clinical pharmacology herbal drugs can be used safely and effectively after being tested in the laboratory.
ii) Clinical pharmacognosy involves identifying and standardizing natural products beneficial for health.
iii) clinical pharmacognosy plays a significant role in reducing the gap between clinical research and traditional knowledge.
iv) clinical pharmacognosy provides a proper method of use of herbal medicine e.g which medicine can be taken orally or via I.V administration.
V ) It is the responsibility of the clinical pharmacist to ask the patients about the herbal medicine that they patient taken before and ask about any allergies or conditions to herbal medicine.
Vi ) clinical pharmacognosy provides scientific evidence about the safety and efficacy of traditional medicine.
Vii ) one of the good things about herbal medicine is that they have lower toxic effects but it is associated with unwanted effects which can cause drug-drug or drug-food interaction. So clinical pharmacognosy also reduces such problems.
Types of misunderstandings about herbal Drugs :
There are a lot of people, especially in developing countries use herbal medicine based on the following misunderstanding.
• Herbs only benefit Effect. It can’t harm.
• Better therapeutic effect can be achieved by using whole plants as compared to extraction of their active chemicals.
• People believe That synthetic drugs have more toxic effects Therefore herbal Drugs are more effective.
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The interest of pharmacy students in clinical pharmacognosy;
A research study was conducted in 2015 with a set of questions distributed to pharmacy students in various private and public sector Institutes in Karachi.
The research outcomes are fascinating in that more than 90% of students favor clinical pharmacognosy. Students accept that clinical pharmacognosy subject is very beneficial and it helps to get advanced knowledge about herbal medicines and their use in clinical practice.
More than 92% of students agreed to add clinical pharmacognosy in herbal industries and research purposes for better development of herbal medicines.
Conclusion of research;
It is concluded that clinical pharmacognosy is an essential course for pharmacy students to their improved Knowledge of herbal drugs.
Students show positive effects towards this course and they agreed that it is beneficial for them.
reference
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3555779/
Clinical pharmacognosy"- A new interesting era of pharmacy in the third millennium
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/yakushi/131/3/131_3_375/_article/-char/en
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