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Major Chemicals and Reagents Used in Chemistry Lab
Acetic acid: An organic acid; is one of the simplest carboxylic acids.
Acetone: An organic compound; the simplest example of the ketones.
Acetylene: is A hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne; widely used as a fuel and chemical building block.
Ammonia inorganic: the precursor to most nitrogen-containing compounds; is used to make fertilizer.
Ammonium hydroxide Aqueous ammonia: used in traditional qualitative inorganic analysis.
Baeyer's reagent: An alkaline solution of Potassium permanganate; used in organic chemistry as a qualitative test for the presence of unsaturation, such as double bonds.
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N-bromosuccinimide: is Used in radical substitution and electrophilic addition reactions in organic chemistry.
Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone): Organic compound; with similar solvent properties to Acetone but has a significantly slower evaporation rate.
Carbon disulfide: A non-polar solvent; used frequently as a building block in organic chemistry.
Carbon tetrachloride: Toxic and its dissolving power is low; consequently, it has been largely superseded by deuterated solvents.
Collins reagent: Used to selectively oxidize primary alcohols to an aldehyde.
Copper (1) iodide: is Useful in a variety of applications ranging from organic synthesis to cloud seeding.
Diethyl ether: Organic compound; a common laboratory solvent.
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Dimethyl ether:. The simplest ether; a useful precursor to other organic compounds and an aerosol propellant Dimethylformamide Organic compound; a common solvent for chemical reactions.
Ethanol: A powerful psychoactive drug; used in alcoholic beverages, in thermometers, and as a solvent.
Fehling's reagent: Used to differentiate between water-soluble aldehyde and ketone functional groups fuel.
Formaldehyde: The simplest aldehyde; is an important precursor to many other chemical compounds, such as polymers and polyfunctional alcohols.
Formic acid The simplest carboxylic acid; is often used as a source of the hydride ion.
Grignard reagents: The most common application is for the alkylation of aldehydes and ketones Hydrochloric acid is A highly corrosive, strong mineral acid with many industrial uses.
Hydrofluoric acid: Valued source of fluorine, a precursor to numerous pharmaceuticals; highly corrosive.
Hydrogen peroxide: An oxidizer commonly used as a bleach.
Imidazole: An organic compound; this aromatic heterocyclic is a diazole and is classified as an alkaloid.
Isopropyl alcohol; the Simplest example of a secondary alcohol; dissolves a wide range of non-polar compounds.
Manganese dioxide is Used as a pigment and as a precursor to other manganese compounds; used as a reagent in organic synthesis for the oxidation of allylic alcohols.
Methyl tert-butyl ether; A gasoline additive; is also used in organic chemistry as a relatively inexpensive solvent.
Millon's reagent: is An analytical reagent used to detect the presence of soluble proteins.
Nitric acid: Highly corrosive and toxic strong acid; used for the production of fertilizers, production of explosives, and as a component of aqua regia.
Palladium (II) acetate: is A catalyst for many organic reactions by combining with many common classes of organic compounds to form a reactive adduct.
Perchloric acid: A powerful oxidizing agent; that readily forms explosive mixtures; mainly used in the production of rocket fuel.
Phosphoric acid: A mineral acid with many industrial uses; commonly used in the laboratory preparation of hydrogen halides.
Phosphorus pentachloride: is One of the most important phosphorus chlorides; a chlorinating reagent. Also used as a dehydrating agent for oximes which turns them into nitriles.
Phosphorus tribromide: is used for the conversion of alcohols to alkyl bromides.
Phosphorus trichloride: Most important of the three phosphorus chlorides; used to manufacture organophosphorus compounds; used to convert primary and secondary alcohols into alkyl chlorides, or Carboxylic acids into acyl chlorides.
Potassium dichromate: A common inorganic chemical reagent, most commonly used as an oxidizing agent in various laboratory and industrial applications.
Potassium hydroxide: A strong base; a precursor to most soft and liquid soaps as well as numerous potassium-containing chemicals.
Potassium permanganate: A strong oxidizing agent, can be used to quantitatively determine the total oxidizable organic material in an aqueous sample; a reagent for the synthesis of organic compounds.
Raney nickel An alternative catalyst for the hydrogenation of vegetable oils; in organic synthesis, used for desulfurization.
Silver oxide: Used to prepare other silver compounds; in organic chemistry, used as a mild oxidizing agent Silver nitrate Procursor to many other silver compounds; commonly used in inorganic chemistry to abstract halides.
Sodium hydride: A strong base used in organic synthesis.
Sodium hydroxide: Strong base with many industrial uses; in the laboratory, used with acids to produce the corresponding salt, and also used as an electrolyte.
Sodium nitrite: Used to convert amines into diazo compounds.
Sulfuric acid: Strong mineral acid; major industrial use is the production of Phosphoric acid
Tetra hydro furan: is One of the most polar ethers; a useful solvent, its main use is as a precursor to polymers.
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